Improved Rational Two-Port Model of Uniform R-C-NR Structure

The indefinite admittance matrix of the uniform R-C-NR structure (1) is written in a modified manner. The new expressions for the admittance parameters are expanded utilizing the technique postulated earlier by Dutta Roy and Kumar (2). A rational two-port lattice equivalent of the uniform R-C-NR structure is constructed. This proposed model is much more accurate over a much wider frequency range and is very much improved because it stimulates the characteristics more precisely and extensively

Occurrence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism among chronic kidney disease patients

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the vital health problems worldwide leading to increased global morbidity and mortality. Thyroid dysfunction including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and non-thyroidal illness has been reported in CKD patients. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism among chronic kidney disease patients. This study also tried to correlate thyroid function abnormalities with severity of renal failure.Method: In this observational and cross sectional study, 100 patients of CKD who were admitted in Department of Medicine, Rajendra institute of medical sciences, Ranchi were studied for thyroid function abnormalities. Result: This study found that glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is positively correlated with serum T3 and T4 level (i.e. with decreasing renal function both T3 and T4 levels decreased). Serum creatinine levels were negatively correlated with serum T3 and T4 level.Conclusions: From this study it was established that CKD is associated with thyroid dysfunction characterized by low serum fT3 and fT4 with high TSH in some cases

Partial edentulism and its correlation with educational status: a hospital-based study

Background: Maintenance of oral hygiene is one of the most important factors to prevent tooth loss. Education plays a significant role to maintain good oral hygiene. The objective of the study was to determine partial edentulism based on Kennedy’s classification and to find out correlation between partial edentulism and educational status. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 189 partially edentulous patients visiting dental OPD of three government hospitals. Patients above 18 years of age were selected using non-probability convenience sampling, 63 from each center. History taking and visual examination were done after getting informed consent from the participants. Descriptive (mean, median, standard deviation, range, ratio and percentage) and inferential (Man-Whitney test) statistics were applied. Results: In 189 partially edentulous patients 61% were females and 39% were males, and 48.1% people had no formal education. Kennedy’s Class III was most common (59% in maxillary, 61% in mandibular arches) and Kennedy’s class IV was least common (1% in maxillary, 6% in mandibular arches). From the study, we found that the number of teeth missing was higher in people with no formal education and there was statistically significant difference in the number of missing teeth in people with formal education and people who didn’t have any formal education (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study showed that education plays a vital role in generating awareness about maintenance of oral hygiene and people who are educated have a tendency of retaining more of their natural dentition. Preventive educational programs should be focused in the low education group so that more effective outcomes can be achieved. Keywords: Caries, Edentulism, Kennedy’s classification, Oral hygiene, Periodontal Diseas

Mapping development and health effects of cooking with solid fuels in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-18 : a geospatial modelling study

Background More than 3 billion people do not have access to clean energy and primarily use solid fuels to cook. Use of solid fuels generates household air pollution, which was associated with more than 2 million deaths in 2019. Although local patterns in cooking vary systematically, subnational trends in use of solid fuels have yet to be comprehensively analysed. We estimated the prevalence of solid-fuel use with high spatial resolution to explore subnational inequalities, assess local progress, and assess the effects on health in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) without universal access to clean fuels.Methods We did a geospatial modelling study to map the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking at a 5 km x 5 km resolution in 98 LMICs based on 2.1 million household observations of the primary cooking fuel used from 663 population-based household surveys over the years 2000 to 2018. We use observed temporal patterns to forecast household air pollution in 2030 and to assess the probability of attaining the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target indicator for clean cooking. We aligned our estimates of household air pollution to geospatial estimates of ambient air pollution to establish the risk transition occurring in LMICs. Finally, we quantified the effect of residual primary solid-fuel use for cooking on child health by doing a counterfactual risk assessment to estimate the proportion of deaths from lower respiratory tract infections in children younger than 5 years that could be associated with household air pollution.Findings Although primary reliance on solid-fuel use for cooking has declined globally, it remains widespread. 593 million people live in districts where the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking exceeds 95%. 66% of people in LMICs live in districts that are not on track to meet the SDG target for universal access to clean energy by 2030. Household air pollution continues to be a major contributor to particulate exposure in LMICs, and rising ambient air pollution is undermining potential gains from reductions in the prevalence of solid-fuel use for cooking in many countries. We estimated that, in 2018, 205000 (95% uncertainty interval 147000-257000) children younger than 5 years died from lower respiratory tract infections that could be attributed to household air pollution.Interpretation Efforts to accelerate the adoption of clean cooking fuels need to be substantially increased and recalibrated to account for subnational inequalities, because there are substantial opportunities to improve air quality and avert child mortality associated with household air pollution. Copyright (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe